Tack-driving machine



(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet l. J1 E. CRISP 8v G. W. GOPELAND. A

TACK DRIVING MACHINE.

No. 446,631. Patentedf'eb. 17,1891..

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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J. E. CRISP 8u G. W. COIELAND.

TACK DRIVING MACHINE.

No. 446,631'. Patented Feb. 17,1891.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet.' 4.

J. E. CRISP & G. W. GOPELAND TACK DRIVING MACHINE.

110.446,631. Patented Peb. 17,1891.

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JOSEPH E. CRISP, OF SOMERVILLE, AND GEORGE IV. COPELAND, OF MALDEN,

ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE'ASSIGNMENTS, TO DANIEL T. C

DEN, MASSACHUSETTS.

OPELANI), OF MAL- TACK-DRVING MACHINE..

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 446,631, dated February 1'?, 1891.

Application filed November Il, 1890.V Serial No. 370,291. (No model.)

To all whom, t may conoci-lc:

Be it known that we, JOSEPH E. CRISP, of Somerville, and GEORGE 7. COPELAND, oi Malden, both in the county of Middlesex and State ot' lllassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tack-Driv- Iing Machines; and we do declare the following7 with the accompanying drawings, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to hand tack-driving machines designed to drive tacks placed looselyin a hopper from which the tacks are `automatically arranged in an inclined chute i ments in tack arranging and feeding mechanism, hereinafter described in detail, which simplify the construction and increase the efficiency of the machine.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of the tack elevating and arranging mechanism, also showing the driving mechanism in its rest. Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevation of the driving-machine, including the lower portion of the movable chute. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of Fig. 2, showing the operatingmechanism. Fig. a is a vertical crosssection at right'angles to that of Fig. 3, further illustrating the feeding mechanism. Fig. 5 is a horizontal cross-scction of Fig. E. on line a'. Fig. 6 is a horizontal cross-section of Fig. 3 on line y y. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the tackarrangin'g mechanism with the removable part of the hopper off, and showing in section the tack-elevator and tackchute. Fig. S is an elevation of the side opposite to that shown in 7, showing the means for driving and governing the motions 5o of the tack-elevator. Fig. 9 is a front elevation of the tack-hopper, showing the chute in section and also thc driving and governing mechanism.

The casting A supports the various parts 5 5 of the tack receiving and arranging mechanism. This casting may be fixed at any desired height upon a proper support and wherever desired.

The tack-hopper A', Figs. l, 7, 8, and 9, is 6o formed at the top of the casting A or secured thereto, and this hopper may be of any suit able shape, and it is provided in the bottom with a slot and depending guideway, and reci procating vertically in this guideway, which is a narrow slot in the center of the hopper, is the tack-elevator slide B, which elevates the tacks and discharges them into that part of the tack-cl1ute attached to the hopper. The elevator-slide is made a little thicker than the 7o diameter of the tack-heads it is designed to operate upon and as wide as desired. The top of this slide is inclined about thirty-five degrees, and is provided with a groove B in the center a little wider than the shanks of the tacks used and a little deeper than the length of the shanks of the longest tacks to be used. As this elevator-slide is reciprocated it descends through the tacks in the hopper and a short distance below thc bottom of the hop- 8o per, thus forming a narrow trough, into which a number of the tacks Will fall parallel to the groove in the top of the elevator-slide, and the shanks will swing into the groove and hang there by their heads until the slide B reaches its highest point, when the tacks will run into the chute C and the slide B descend for the other tacks.

T ie tack-elevator slide is preferably guided in a slideway A2, formed in the casting A or 9o secured thereto below the bottom of the hopper, and a portion of the hopper is preferably made integral with the cap A3 and secured to the casting A by the screws a.

The xed part of the chute C is attached to the casting A at the proper inclination for the tacks to run down, and its upper end is fitted to the edge of the elevator-slide. It is made'lon'g enough to fill the removable part of the chute attached to the tackdriver. After the elevator has filled the fixed part of the chute the tacks overflow at the top end and fall back into the hopper until the movable part of the chute is placed in the rest or ycoupling of the fixed part, when sufficient V'tacks to fill the movable part run into it, and

the elevator opera-tes as before.

The elevator-slide B is reciprocated by the connection B2, attached to it by a pivot at B2 and to the end of the oscillating counterbalance-lever B4 by a pivot at B2, Fig. 7, the lever B4 being operated by the crank D and connection D', Figs. 8 and 9. The counterbalance of the lever B4 balances the weight of the elevators1ide carried by the opposite end, and the only strain brought upon the crank Dis the friction of the slide passing through the tacks in the hopper.

The crank-shaft D2 is fitted to a bearing D3, formed o'n or secured to the casting A and driven bya belt-pulley from a prime motor. In order to operate the elevator-slide and keep the fixed part of the chute supplied with tacks when the machine is used where the only power advantageous or available is manual, there is connected to the crank-shaft D2 simple clock mechanism, which reciprocates the elevator-slide a sufficient number of times to fill the fixed part of the chute at each running down of the going weight or spring. The preferred form of mechanism is constructed and operated in the following` manner: Upon the outer end of the crank-shaft D2 there is fixed the pinion D, and properly located upon the stud E on the frame A runs the gear E', whose teeth inter-mesh with those of the pinion D4, Figs. l, 7, and 9. Outside of the gear E', and also upon the stud E, is placed the drum E2, around which the cord of the going or driving weight is wound when a weight is used. The inside flange of this drum is provided with ratchet-teeth, as shown by Fig. 7, and the strain of the goingweight is transmitted to the gear E by the pawl E3, hung on the gear at E4 and pressed into the ratchet-teeth by the spring Beyond the outer fiange of the drum E2, and preferablyformed integral therewith, is a smaller drum E, around which a cord is wound in the opposite direction to the going` one, so that as either is unwound the other is wound up. rlhe drum E2 is made the correct size to give the desired number of reciprocations to the elevator-slide, and the cord wound around the drum E is used to raise the goingweight by hand, or it may be connected by a foot-treadle, if desired.

In order to govern the speed of the reciprocations of the elevator-slide when operated by the clock mechanism, either a pendulum or balance may be used. In the drawings, Figs. S and 9, a pendulum F is shown hung on the ,stud E7 below the counterbalanccd lever-B4, and this pendulum is provided with the forked extension F', which engages with the eccentric D, fixed on the counter-balanced lever, and causes the pendulum and lever to move in unison. By varying the length of this pendulum and the weight of its bob the reciprocations of` the elevator-slide can be timed as desired.

The movable part of the tack-chute C is fitted at the proper angle to the body H of the tack-driver, as shown by Figs. 2 and 3. Sliding inside of this body and upheld by the spring H, which surrounds the top end of the d riving-bar, is the round driving-bar H2,which is formed in two parts, as shown by Fig. 3.

lThis bar is prevented from turning and has its range of motion limited by the screw-stud H2, fitted to its slot H4, and the smaller part is correctly led into the throat of the machine by the guide-block H5, secured to the body H by the screw HG. Below the guide-block is secured the throat composed of the parts K and K and the inclined gates K2 and K2, which serve to close the passage fromthe chute. These gates are pressed across the passage from the chute by the spring Ki, Figs. et and 5. shanks are drawn against their inclined sides by the hooked feed-pawl L2, and as soon as the tack-shank is completely within the throat they spring forward and complete the circle of the throat, as shown by Fig. 5. The inclined parts of these gates bear upon the tack-shank above and below the point where the feed-pawl engages with said Shanks, and the spring KL is so adjusted that the tack isl caused to move squarely into the throat when the feed-pawl draws it against the inclines of the gates.

rlhe tack-chute C leads the tacks to the inclined sides of the gatesl K2 and K3, from which place they are drawn and held in the throat by the feeding devices constructed and operating as follows: A slide L is fitted to move freely upon a dovetail guide K5, formed upon the part K of the throat, and

upon this slide is hung at L the hooked feedpawl L2, which operates through a slot made for its point to pass through in the part K of the throat. This slide is provided with a pocket L3, which carries the spring L4. This spring bears against the throat, as shown by Figs. 3 and 5, and is made strong enough to cause the feed-pawl L2 to draw the tack it is engaged with past the gates K2 and K3 and hold it in the throat until the driving-bar H2 descends. The feed-pawl L2 is provided with the arm L, and the rear end of the spring L* is extended up through a slot formed in the top of the pocket lji and engages with the arm L5 to serve as a spring to swing the hook of the feed-pawl behind the tack it is desired to move into the throat. The slide L is moved in to carry the point of the feed-pawl to the tack next in succession to the one being driven by the lever M, pivoted on the pin M, fixed to the body H, Fig. 3. This lever is operated as the driver descends by the incline M2, preferably formedy of a separate They yield backward as the tack-"f IOO IIO

piece and removably secured in a groove lll, formed in the larger part of the driving-bar H2. The incline M2 is so shaped that as the driving-bar descends the feed-pawl will move just enough to clear its lower end and deliver the tack and then move `gradually into the limit of its motion by the time the driving-bar is about a quarter of an inch t rom its lowest point. The lower end of the lever M presses against the end ot' the slide L, as shown by Figs. 3 and 5, and as the drivingbar is raised by the spring Il the spring Ll swings the lever M back to its starting-point. The hooked feed-pawl is operated substantially at right angles `to the line of motion of the slide L to produce the square or tour-time feed by the slotted lever N, which is also operated by the incline M2. rlhis lever N is slotted, so that it may move endwise on the pivot-pin M', and is provided with the doubleacting spring-dog N, which acts alternately against the sides of the xed pin N? and holds the lever N at either end of the slot it maybe moved to, Fig. The wide upper end of the lever N, by contacting with the ends of the groove H7 as the driving-bar is reciprocated, operates the dog N at the ends of the stroke, andthe combined swinging and sliding of the lower end of this lever causes the dog to operate in this the desired manner. With the driving-bar up and the lever N held at the lower end of its slot as the driving-bar commences to descend the lower curved end of the lever N presses against the back of the arm L5. As the A driver continues its downward motion the feed-pawl `is swung clear of the tack it is to pass behind, and is so held until the slide L has reached its innermost limit of motion, which is by the time the driving-bar is about a quarter of an inch from its lowest point. At this pointthe end of the groove H'- and top of the lever N contact, and the continued downward motion ot' the driving-bar compels the lever to move in unison therewith. As the lever N moves down its curved lower end passes clearof the arm L5 and allows the spring to snap the point of the feed-pawl between the rst two tacks in the chute. 'When the driving-baris being raised by the spring H', the levers M and N arc pressed back by the slide L, and at last the lever N is raised to the lower end of its slotready for another movement. li y reason of the diiterent relations of the two ends of the lever N when at the upper and lower ends of the slot N3 the upward motion of the drivingbar will not affect the feed-pawl as the lever moves to the lower end of the slot at the termination of the ascent ot' the driver. This construction and operation of the lever N makes it impossible for the feed-pawl to draw a tack into the throat unless the preceding one has been driven from the end et the nozzle O, for unless the lever N is moved down the feed-pawl will not snap in behind a tack, but will return back as it moved inthat is, resting upon the arm L5.

Should the operator rest the drivinghiaul upon the head of the driving-bar and prevent its full upward rise,theincline M2 is so shaped that whenever the lower end of the drivingbar du ring` its upward motion clears the throat the spring LL can press the slide L fully out, and the tack will be fair in the throat.

3y the above-described operation of the feeding devices it will be seen that the tacks cannot be wedged solid in the nozzle, nor can they be halt-fed into the throat and on the descent of the driver have a part of the head turned around the head of the driver, and thus wedge it fast in the nozzle. It will also be seen that when the chute is joined tacks may be driven from the nozzle so long as the supply in the -hopper lasts.

Either ot the levers M or N may be used to operate the feeding-slide L and a fair result be obtained; but their combined use, as described, gives the best results.

lVe do not in this application make any claim to the two-part tack-chute with male and female couplings provided with automatic gates, as we have made these features the subject ot another application.

Ilavin g thus fully described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a tack-driving machine of the class described, tack-arranging mechanism consisting of a hopper with a slotted bottom and a tack-chute, in combination with a narrow elevator slide having an inclined groove deeper than the length of the tack used in its upper end and suitable operating mechanism by which said slide is reciprocated from the point ot delivery into the chute to a point wholly below the bottom of the hopper, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth. W g

2. In a tack-driving machine of the class described, the combination of the elevatorslide B, the connection B2, the counterbalanced lever B", and operating mechanism, substantially as described.

3. Ina tack-driving machine of the class described, tack-driving and tack-elevating mechanism, substantially as set forth, and means for operating the elevating mechanism, consisting of suitable clock mechanism, in combination with devices and suitable con nectin g mechanism by which said clock mech.- anism may be set in motion, all operatingr substantially as shown and described.

4. In a tack-driving machine, the drivingbar provided with the groove H7, and the lever N, having the widened end, in combination with the slide L, carrying the tack-feed, all operating substantially as shown and de scribed.

5. In a tack-driving machine, the combination of the sliding and swingingleverNand operating mechanism with the arm L5 of the feedpawl L2, whereby the operating-point of said pawl is swung clear ot the shank ot the IZO iirst tack in the feedway, substantiall)T as shown and described.

G. In combination with a tack-driving` inachine, a throat composed of the parts K and K and the spring-operated inclined gates K2 and K2, which bear upon the shank of the tacks above and below the lplace engaged by the feed-pawl and cause the tacks to befed squarely into the throat wh en said gates close and complete the circle of the throat, substantially as shown and described.

7. In combination with a tack-driving inachine, the spring-operated slide L, mounted on the outer part of the throat K and carrying` the springoperated feed-pawl L2, all operating as shown and described.

8. In combination with a tack-driving machine, a removable incline, as M2, for operating the feeding-levers M and N and the tackn feeding devices, substantially as shown and described.

f). In combination with a tack-driving niachine, the incline M2, the lever M, and the spring-operated slide L, provided with the feed-pawl L2, all operating substantially as described.

l0. In combination with a tack-driving niachine, the slotted lever N, providedv Wi th the double-acting spring-dog N for acting, in combination with the pin N2, to retain said lever at the ends of the slot, substantially as shown and described.

JOS.r E. CRISP. GEO. W; COPELAND. lVitnesses:

MARY E. WooDBURN, JOHN L. S. ROBERTS. 

